Last Supper free essay sample

The painting of the Last Supper is an important event in Jesus Christ’s life because it was his last meal in Jerusalem with his disciples before his crucifixion. According to Christians, Christ foretells that he will suffer soon after his meal and that it will be his last meal. After Christ predicted that he was having his last meal, he gives his followers a commemoration for his body and blood by taking a piece of bread and gave it them saying, â€Å"This is my body given for you; do this in remembrance of me† (Luke 22:19). The Last Supper consisted of his twelve disciples who were Christ’s closest followers who were men that travelled with Jesus and learned from him. The Last Supper was also an event where Christ announced that one of his twelve apostles would betray him. The twelve disciples involved were Peter, Andrew, James, John, Phillip, Bartholomew, Thomas, Matthew, James, Lebbaeus, Simon, and Judas. We will write a custom essay sample on Last Supper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After Jesus’s death, the twelve disciples who were also known as apostles separated and began to spread Jesus’s teachings to others. There are various controversies about the Last Supper, that many paintings are created to show the meaning behind Christ’s last meal. There are various paintings of the Last Supper, but there are two particular portraits that particularly stand out because of the different controversy behind the painting. Paintings are based on what the artist believed in. Leonardo da Vinci was an artist who created a mural painting of the popular Last Supper. Leonardo da Vinci is famous for various paintings such as the Mona Lisa, St. John the Baptist, and the Last Supper. The Last Supper is a fresco by da Vinci that tells a story right out of the Bible. Da Vinci took the moment when Christ announces that one of his apostles will betray him and his captures the emotions and facial expressions of the apostles in the painting. Da Vinci used tempera, which is a combination of egg yolk, vinegar and oil paints applied onto dried plaster. In the painting there are thirteen men sitting behind the table, the man in the middle of the painting is Jesus Christ. Christ sits with his hands on the table with his eyes close. Da Vinci incorporated several elements and techniques into his paintings (Jenkins). Jesus’s head is the focal point in the painting by being centered perfectly both horizontally and vertically. In Leonardo da Vinci’s the Last Supper, Christ is the central point of the viewpoint in this version, the lines in the architecture to create depth is tracked to Christ. When describing the painting and artists, an analyst will define the story behind the painting. Domenico Ghirlandaio had a signature delicate and decorative style using bright light, soft colors, realistic faces and convincing figures that he used in his paintings, which he also used in his version of the Last Supper. Ghirlandaio used his skills by creating depth in the painting using the view of the background, the painting of the ceiling in the fresco and the shape of the table. It is astonishing that Jesus Christ is not positioned in the center in Ghirlandaio’s painting. Instead of Christ being the focal point, he is slightly to the left of the main focal point which is Judas who is sitting in front of the table. Christ is on slightly to the left with John’s head rested on his chest. While examining the two paintings, I picked up some differences and similarities between the two paintings. For instance, Judas who is one of the twelve apostles is always shown apart from the rest of the group in early Last Supper paintings. In Ghirlandaio’s painting, Judas is the only one who doesn’t have a holy halo and is also sitting outside of the group. In da Vinci’s painting, Judas is seated with everyone. Ghirlandaio’s painting of the Last Supper is a representation of

Marcel Duchamps Nude Descending Essay Example

Marcel Duchamps Nude Descending Essay Example Marcel Duchamps Nude Descending Paper Marcel Duchamps Nude Descending Paper Expressionism as a movement in Germany covered many different creative media such as visual art, literature and theatre, as well as its influence on the world of cinema. Its visual style and themes represent in many ways the personal and social conflict felt in Germany at the time, and as expressed by Klinge Klinge (1983, p. 106), to find answers, artists turned inward, to project human emotion through their films. This resulted in a collection of dark, mysterious horror films, the style of which has made a great impact on filmmakers since the period, and right up to the present day. An early expressionist film that embodies most of the characteristics associated with the movement is The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (Wiene, 1920), and I shall be looking at this film in particular detail -with reference to other Expressionist films and those influenced by them to understand further the techniques used in making the film and the meaning behind them. In order to understand the meaning behind the movement, it is vital to consider events previous to the period. From the unification of Germany in 1871, Europe suffered from civil unrest at the balance of powers within the continent, and WW1 (1914-1918) caused devastation and Germany suffered under the Treaty of Versailles (1919), which ended the war. A common theme in German Expressionist film is that of authority, or more specifically, the idea of tyranny (Kraucauer, 1947). In The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, Caligari uses his hypnotic power as a means of control of Cesare, who he makes commit murder. This idea of being under power which cannot be fought against may well be an analogy for Germanys treatment, and in their view, oppression, during the war years. In the end of the film, however, it is made clear that Francis is seemingly delusional, with the tyrannical figure of Caligari triumphing. In writers Hanz Janowitz and Carl Mayers original script, this did not happen, and the story exposed the madness inherent in an obsession with authority (Klinge Klinge, 1983). However, Wiene made the directorial choice to change this ending, so authority triumphed. This message was not followed in other expressionist films, such as Nosferatu (Murnau, 1922), where the films tyrannical antagonist is finally defeated. To add even more to the films ambiguity, a framing device is used the idea of Francis telling the story from inside the asylum (although we only really realise this in retrospect). The device shows audiences that the events seen are simply Francis interpretation, and leaves an uneasy feeling of not being sure what to believe a murderer getting away with his crime, or Francis being simply delusional. This idea of the world being disjointed and confusing is shown within the mise-en-scene of the films, as part of the sets. The sets, designed by three expressionist artists Walter Reimann, Walter Rohrig and Hermann Warm use sharp edges and jagged lines, such as the style of the houses in The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, which are set at angles with sharp corners. These sets are often representative to paintings within the Expressionist movement in visual arts, which feature the same angles and distorted perspective, for example, Marcel Duchamps Nude Descending a Staircase (1912), in which the nude and the staircase are represented abstractly, not in any kind of naturalistic way. These kinds of sets have made clear influence on more recent films, a particular director using the style being Tim Burton. An example of this is in his film Sleepy Hollow (1999); the trees in the forest backdrop are dark and jagged, with pointed ends. In the film, protagonist Crane experiences feelings of madness, and as with Expressionist film, the disjointedness of the sets represent these feelings. Another example of Burtons homage to Expressionist film is the set design on Batman Returns (1992), in which the long shots of Gotham City are reminiscent of those seen in Metropolis (Lang, 1926), with tall, looming buildings that seem oppressive to those below them. The acting in Expressionist cinema also contributes to the overall style of the film. Due to these films being made in the silent era, before the discovery of sound, much of the actors emotion was shown through their over the top expressions and gesture, and they often moved in a non-naturalistic way and attempted angular postures and jerky movement [ ] to reinforce the theme of a society out of kilter (Klinge Klinge, 1983). The representations of people within Expressionist paintings were also distorted, such as in Edward Munchs The Cry (1893), and as with the sets, these representations seemed to have an influence on the characterisation in the films.

Contemporary Issues in Criminal Justice Management Term Paper

Contemporary Issues in Criminal Justice Management - Term Paper Example There has been a 605% increase in violent crimes in U.S.A alone since 1953. Americans view violence and crime as the most significant issue being witnessed in the U.S.A. A good criminal justice system helps to maintain law and order of a country under control. Even though the administration is toothed with an exhaustive power to trace and punish criminals, many procedures have been set out by the American Constitution like the right to engage a counsel, right to remain silent, right to appeal, etc. for an accused. The main intention of a criminal law is to safeguard society. One of the famous maxims about criminal law is that the punishment must fit the crime. Thus, this research study helps to evaluate what a criminal system is, a comparison between traditional and contemporary policing, legal, diversity and ethical issues associated with American Criminal Justice System and about its intricacies in detail. [Summers &Hoffman, 2002, p.173]. Criminal justice system consists of a great number of actors executing different jobs like judges, police officers, probation officers, bondsman, etc. Each player in the criminal justice system requires to gain assistance and cooperation of the other actors by assisting those players to accomplish their objectives. The federal system of the United States is founded on the substratum notion that the states administer the principal responsibility for criminal justice and hence, criminal justice is the nucleus of state and not national responsibility.[Barkow,2003,p.33]. Currently, there is no single criminal justice system in U.S.A as different states follow many systems that are identical but individually distinctive.  

Jebel Ali Port and Free Zone - Its Impact on Companies Supply Chain Assignment

Jebel Ali Port and Free Zone - Its Impact on Companies Supply Chain Operations - Assignment Example Furthermore, this paper would analyze the costs that the company would incur, in establishing a distribution center at the Jebel Ali Free Zone. The major intention of the creation of the Jebel Ali Free Zone is to provide incentives to companies, so that they may be able to add or create value in their manufactured products (Jebeli Ali Free Zone, 9). These incentives are also given to large transportation companies, responsible for the transportation of cargo. The Free Zone achieves this objective by providing an infrastructure that helps company to efficiently manufacture their products, and also to distribute them. These are supported by other value added services, provided within the Free Zone, and various incentives and proactive marketing. The intention of this free zone is to attract large business organizations for purposes of helping in the growth and diversification of the economy of Dubai. The Jebel Ali Free Zone is the first such organization to be awarded an ISO 9002 certification (Jebeli Ali Free Zone, 2). For the last decade, this free zone has managed to attract a high level of investment, and it currently has more than 7100 companies, all coming from different regions of the world. Most of these companies engage in the manufacturing or distribution of goods that can be used for export or domestic consumption. Global international brands, such as Samsung, Sony, Colgate, Honda and Daewoo have opened manufacturing units in this region, making it one of the fastest growing economic free zones in the world. This paper will therefore provide reasons why our company should consider opening some distribution units at the Jebeli Ali Free Zone. The Port of Jebeli is the largest man made harbor in the world. Due to its large size and efficient delivery of services, the Port of Jebeli Ali has managed to attract a significant number of foreign investments. The activities in this port comprises of 40% of the foreign direct investment that is found in

Emotional Intelligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10250 words

Emotional Intelligence - Essay Example Author Daniel Goleman (1995) also brought EI into the forefront with his books entitled, Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ and Working with Emotional Intelligence (Goleman 1995). Both resources propose that EI accounts for success at home, school, and work, enabling individuals to become more cooperative and effective team members and to build their technical skills and IQ for jobs at all levels (Vitello-Cicciu 2003). Goleman also hypothesized that EI can be learned and improves with age (Goleman 1995). In contrast, Salovey and Mayer (1990) contend that EI develops with age and that emotional knowledge can be enhanced and emotional skills can be learned (Vitello-Cicciu 2003). What's not known to date through research is whether or not EI scores, as determined by an ability measurement known as the Mayer, Salovey, and Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT), can be raised in individuals (Vitello-Cicciu 2003). (See Appendix: Assessment of EI in a Leader) Experts define emotional labor as the process of regulating both feelings and expressions to achieve organizational goals or expectations, or, as the effort, planning, and control needed to express organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions (Vitello-Cicciu 2003). ... ational goals or expectations, or, as the effort, planning, and control needed to express organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions (Vitello-Cicciu 2003). Organizationally desired emotions, also referred to as display rules are considered the standards of behavior that indicate not only which emotions are appropriate in relationship with others, but also how these emotions should be publicly displayed or expressed. The structure of this paper is as follows: Part one of paper begins with the introduction of the topic in an academic format. Then, explains the purpose of carrying out this research and what it tends to achieve is stated. After defining the objective a brief overview of the primary research questions are given. A very important chapter of literature review follows which highlights various researches which were carried out by the writers and analysts in the past. Research design highlights the approach and the methodology of how the information was acquired from the sources. The main Research results chapter has the main body of this research in which the findings have been discussed and concluded.In conclusion, the research shows that Marquise Facilities Corporation will benefit with incorporating emotional intelligence into its Management Training. In part 2 of the paper, a brief history of the company and the challenges they are faced with and how they will benefit from such train ing. Finally, a proposal of the implementation process will be presented. The main goal is to stress the importance of this training in the organization while being sensitive not to overload the busy managers with a program that will soon loose momentum. The key is to implement a process that is long lasting and adds value to the

Case on a childs childhood and upbringing

Case on a childs childhood and upbringing A kids childhood should be filled with happy moments, laughter and lovely toys, not memories that make one shudder even at the thought of it. Being a child should not be a painful journey. After all, children are equal holders of human rights and they should not be denied a safe environment to grow and mature. However, many adults have failed to see the importance of ensuring the well-being of these young innocent kids. Every single day, almost five children die as a result of child abuse and at least one report of child abuse is made every ten seconds (National). Child abuse may take the form of physical, sexual, emotional or neglect, with physical abuse being the most common (Child). The incidence of parents and other guardians consciously, or even willfully, committing acts that harm the children theyre supposed to be nurturing is a sad fact of human society that cuts across all borders of ethnicity and class (Joseph). Its high time for us to dig deep into the roots of this evil a nd look for solutions to combat the issue, before it continues to bring detrimental impacts to both the abused victims, and also, the society. Behind any actions, there is always a reason. Same goes to child abuse. Child abuse is triggered by many factors. According to Dr. Joel Akande, among all the contributing factors, lack of insight is the main culprit. Child abusers lack insight into the value of the children and this leads to sexual, verbal or physical exploitation of these kids (Akande). This may be due to the fact that the children are unwanted from unplanned pregnancy or they may be physically or mentally impaired (Akande). When these adults are engulfed in frustration or anger, children become their easy targets as they are vulnerable objects. If they were to value their precious kids dearly, they would always place the childrens happiness as their utmost priority. A responsible parent will try his very best to protect his child from any form of danger at all times. Apart from that, some caregivers lack parenting skills and they might have unrealistic expectations about child care (Saisan et. al). Child care is a daunting task, especially for working adults who have the heavy responsibilities to juggle between career and family. Without necessary parenting skills and support from others, caring for a child can be very stressful. Caregivers who are unable to handle child care stress tend to abuse their children as an outlet of their emotions (Gibson). They unleash their anger on the children to make themselves feel better as they have little control over their own emotions. This is especially evident in teen parents who have unrealistic and immature expectations about how much care babies and small children need (Saisan et. al). Also, parents under the power of drugs and alcohol can be abusive and easily neglect their children (Gibson). Drugs and alcohol abuse increases the likelihood of violence, because it interferes with communication among family members and abusers have lower abilities in controlling their behaviors (Miller et.al 357). Underestimation of the consequences of violence take s place at the same time as a result of interference with the brain centers that control socially unacceptable behaviors when adults abuse drugs and alcohol (Miller et.al). They lose their ability to judge whats right or wrong when they are not sober. Parents who come home drunk or high on drugs are unable to take good care of their children, make good judgments and have control over often-dangerous compulsions (Saisan et.al). The neglected children are often left to fend for themselves and scavenge for their basic needs such as food under such harsh environment. Herbert Ward once said, Child abuse casts a shadow the length of a lifetime. Indeed, it is true that child abuse leaves deep and long-lasting impacts on the victims, be it physically or emotionally. Physical abuse leaves visible signs, such as frequent physical injuries or unexplained bruises, cuts and wounds. This is often done by slapping, spanking and caning by the caregivers. Some may even resort to harsher means such as using hot iron and leather belt to harm their children. The visible physical scars and wounds will heal someday, but the emotional scarring will be embedded deep down in the childrens hearts throughout their lives. Victims of violence may face trouble developing self-confidence and a sense of self in them. It is difficult to overcome the core feelings of being worthless and hopeless, if a child is being repeatedly told that he is good for nothing since young (Saisan et. al). They no longer believe that they worth more or stand a place in the society. Abused child ren also cannot regulate and express their emotions effectively, in turn leads to unexplained anxiety, depression and anger in adult survivors of abuse (Saisan et.al). In addition, child abuse is a vicious cycle. Based on a literature review, Kaufman and Zigler have estimated that inter-generational transmission rate of child abuse is approximately 30 percent (186). This signifies that three out of ten people who were neglected in childhood will abuse their own children in the future. They are more likely to raise their children in the way they have experienced as a child, repeating the horrible cycle unconsciously. This causes unfavorable effects to the society as a whole, as the future leaders of tomorrow are not empowered to fulfill their potential as productive human beings, said Datin Seri Rosmah Mansor, the prime ministers wife of Malaysia (Getting). Hence, it is essential to put a halt to this terrible chain of abuse. First things first, caregivers have to be equipped with good parenting skills and it is vital to be mentally prepared for all the child care stress and challenges that follow. Parents should set realistic expectations of what children can handle at certain stages of development as it can help avoid frustrations and anger at normal child behavior (Saisan et.al). Emotional control and developing emotional intelligence is equally critical especially when one needs to handle children with special needs. Society has a pivotal role to play in combating this issue as well. The mindset of not wanting to encroach into other peoples lives should be discarded. One should not be reluctant to make a report to the authority if a child is suspected being abused by his caregivers. Society must realize that a small act of kindness can actually bring light into the darkness of a childs life. The earlier the victims get help, the hig her chance they have to recover from the abuse and not perpetuate the vicious cycle (Child). Truly, if there is evil in this world, it lies within the heart of mankind.

Love and Selfishness in Love in L.A. by Dagoberto Gilb Essay -- Love i

Love and Selfishness in  Love in L.A. by Dagoberto Gilb    "Love in L.A.," written by Dagoberto Gilb, is a story full of irony and multiple themes. The story is set in Hollywood during the summer time. Written in third person objective, "Love in L.A." guides the reader along through the story as opposed to an omniscient point of view.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The story begins with Jake driving on the freeway. He is so enraptured by his daydream of better possibilities that he ends up smacking the car ahead of him. Jake considers driving away but instead he stops and finds out that the owner of the Toyota he hit was a beautiful girl. From there, Jake switches into his smooth talker role with Mariana. Jake then tries to con her by saying he doesn't have any insurance and assures her that he will pay for it. As he drives away, he sees Mariana behind him writing down the license plate numbers that he stole from another car.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The main characters in this story are Jake and Mariana. Jake is a stagnant and flat character. Throughout the story, he shows himself as a somewhat lazy and rather overly conceited kind of guy. When Gilb describes how Jake, "considered driving past the Toyota." and how, "he considered giving a real phone number but went against that idea and made one up," it gives the reader a sense of how sleazy Jake is. In the end, he has not changed but yet seems even worse and more like a con artist. Mariana is more of an enigma then Jake since the author does not go into great detail about her, there is little characterization to go on. Generally, Mariana is a stagnant character because she is a normal girl with the same suspicious tendencies as most other human beings.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "Love in L.A." contains many symbols ... ...d Russel Crowe, the couple get together and break up numerous times simply because of their mutual fear of intimacy and commitment. Another worthy example of this fear of engagement is the 1999 movie Love Stinks, starring French Stewart and Bill Bellamy. French Stewart's girlfriend demands that he marry her but he refuses to do so. This is obviously due to his definite fear of closeness and commitment. Another attribute of human nature, displayed in this story, is the tendency to be selfish. When people try to evade taxes, it is because they want all their money for themselves and thus are acting avaricious. Another example of this is when people do not donate to charity. This shows an abundance of stinginess as well as greed. Essentially, "Love in L.A." addresses two main inherent qualities of human beings, the want for love and the constant capacity to be selfish.